Digital media player and method for facilitating social music discovery and commerce

ABSTRACT

A portable digital media player and method for providing convenient music discovery are presented. Music is maintained and includes a multiplicity of music stored in digital media form on a portable digital media player. A music recommendation is displayed to a recipient. A message included is processed for information to describe the music recommended, to identify the recommender, to capture a context of the recommendation, and to specify a rating for the music recommended. At least part of the information is integrated into a display of the music on the portable digital media player. The information is displayed to the recipient as integrated. Action upon the music recommended is facilitated through one or more of playback and addition of the music to the music on the portable digital media player through an external source.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This non-provisional patent application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application, Ser. No. 60/993,356, filed Sep. 10, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference.

FIELD

This application relates in general to music discovery and commerce and, in particular, to a digital media player and method for facilitating social music discovery and commerce.

BACKGROUND

Digital media players provide an easily customized, and increasingly ubiquitous, personal environment for experiencing digital media. Digital media players include units dedicated strictly to media playback, particularly digitally recorded music or video, hybrid units that provide media playback as part of a suite of functions, such as “smart” mobile telephones with integral media players, and virtual units that are implemented wholly in software for execution on a personal computer or similar device. Other digital media players are possible.

A portable digital media player for personal music enjoyment is illustrative of the features sets offered. For example, a digital media player could be loaded with an entire music collection and a music listener could choose music to play based on title, artist, genre, composer, album, or other criteria. The listener could also create play lists thematically organized for exercise, commute, home, or other purpose. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a prior all personal music environment 10. A typical portable digital media player 11 uses either solid state memory or hard disk storage to store a collection 12 of recorded digital media 13, and other data, such as a user profile. A user interface 14 provides tactile or voice controls 15 to select and play the media 13, and a display or other indication 16 that the media 13 is being played or viewed. The capabilities of the user interface 14 can vary, depending upon the size and form factor of the player 11. A data interface 17 allows the player 11 to upload the media 13 from external sources 18 and to synchronize data. The data interface 17 provides wired or wireless interconnections to host computers or network servers and can be data- or cellular-network capable. Other components are possible.

Conventionally, recorded digital media 13 must first be uploaded onto a digital media player 11 from an external source 18 before becoming available for selection or playback. Music packaged in physical form 19, such as cassette, LP record, or CD, must first be converted into compatible digital format, frequently requiring playback equipment and a personal computer. The proliferation of high bandwidth network access 20, such as the Internet, and the adoption of digital encoding allow media 13 to be purchased online and shared electronically through digital media stores 21 and similar online enterprises. Personal music composition software 22 provides a further source of media 13 for online sharing and critique.

Despite their conveniences, digital media players have their limitations. Discovering media beyond the scope of the stored media remains a process divorced from player usage. For instance, fellow aficionados must share their media recommendations by word of mouth or written message and the recipient must then separately find and review the media, after which the media must still be uploaded before finally becoming available. Moreover, musical tastes are notoriously subjective and dependent on mood, timing, locale, and other factors. Thus, a media recommendation recipient may not be open to suggestion at the time of receipt, thereby further alienating media discovery from player usage. As well, adding media encountered in the ambient environment to a stored collection requires identifying and remembering enough information about the media to identify the music or work, and later obtaining the media, which is a process generally removed in time, place, and circumstance.

Conventional approaches fail to adequately facilitate media discovery by digital media player users. The iPod digital media player and iTunes client software respectively sold and licensed by Apple Inc. provide full featured digital media playback, and digital media transfer and purchase through an online music store. Media can only be shared if part of the same collection, which is accessed through the client software. In addition, a recently announced collaboration between Starbucks Corporation, Seattle, Wash., and Apple Inc., Cupertino, Calif., enables a user of a Wi-Fi enabled iPod digital media player to find out the title of a song currently being played in a Starbucks café through the tap of a button, after which the song can be purchased and downloaded directly from an online music store. See, e.g., John Markoff, Apple Cuts iPhone Price Ahead of Holidays, N.Y. TIMES, Sep. 6, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. However, the service only operates in participating stores with subscribed iPod players and does not automatically integrate the song title into an existing music collection, absent purchase and download.

The Zune digital audio player and client software respectively sold and licensed by Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Wash., provide limited wireless file sharing, and digital music purchase through an online music store. Stored digital audio can be shared between Zune users under a “three plays or three days, whichever comes first” policy. The policy is indiscriminately applied to any audio content transferred between players and shared songs expire unconditionally in three days, even if not played. File sharing is limited to other Zune users within physical range, and email, messaging, and recommendations from sources that are out of range remain unavailable. As a result, file sharing remains unappealing.

The MusicGremlin Portable Wi-Fi Device sold by MusicGremlin, Inc., New York, N.Y., provides a portable music player for use with a music subscription service, which allows a user to wirelessly search, play, and download music using the device. Programmed playlists and music purchased through a client personal computer can also be automatically downloaded to the device, and music recommendations can be exchanged with fellow subscribers. However, the device is tied to a specific subscription service. As well, the music recommendations are not contextually integrated into the device's playlist and lack ratings, which would help a recipient to evaluate their overall utility ill light of other recommendations and sources.

A metadata sharing application for mobile phones is described in S. Baumann et al., “BluctunA: Let Your Neighbour Know What Music You Like,” CHI 2007 (Apr. 28-May 3, 2007), the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. Users of Bluetooth-enabled mobile phones can share information about their music preferences by allowing other users in proximity of their mobile phone to access information about their play list. However, the information sharing is limited by physical device range and works anonymously, thereby providing information untied to credibility or authoritativeness of the source.

Finally, online music services, such as Rhapsody, licensed by RealNetworks, Seattle, Wash., and Last.FM, licensed by Last.fm Ltd., London, UK, provide personalized music recommendations. Rhapsody offers a subscription music listening service that can provide personal music recommendations. Last.FM builds a profile of a user's musical tastes based on his listening habits as monitored from streamed radio stations or digital music player. The music recommendations, though, are based upon the user's own musical tastes and not evolved from external sources, such as through a social network.

Therefore, there is a need for integrating music recommendation and discovery into a personal listening environment, both in easing the manner of making a music recommendation and in presenting the recommendation to a music listener when most receptive.

SUMMARY

One embodiment provides a digital media player and method for facilitating music discovery. A music recommendation is presented in a digital media player. Information is extracted from the music recommendation to describe one or more of an identification of the music recommended, the recommender, a context of the recommendation, and a rating for the music recommended. At least part of the information is integrated into a display of music on the digital media player. The recipient is enabled to directly act upon the music recommendation through the digital media player.

A further embodiment provides a portable digital media player and method for providing convenient music discovery. Music is maintained and includes a multiplicity of music stored in digital media form on a portable digital media player. A music recommendation is displayed to a recipient. A message included is processed for information to describe the music recommended, to identify the recommender, to capture a context of the recommendation, and to specify a rating for the music recommended. At least part of the information is integrated into a display of the music on the portable digital media player. The information is displayed to the recipient as integrated. Action upon the music recommended is facilitated through one or more of playback and addition of the music to the music on the portable digital media player through an external source.

Accordingly, from a user's point of view, the continuum of actions from recommending to receiving recommendations, and of music logging become a convenient and integrated procedure that helps make music discovery an elegant and pleasant experience. From the perspective of music distributors, social networks become effective viral marketing channels for the “long tail” of less popular music selections.

In addition, recommendations from friends and other sources are integrated into a personal music collection in context. A user is thus able to locate new music for which there is good reason to believe that the user would be interested in listening. Moreover, the integration places the recommendations at a place where he would be likely to encounter the recommendations, particularly while browsing his own stored music. Music in his collection is thereby combined with other music in which he would likely have an interest.

Still other embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, wherein are described embodiments by way of illustrating the best mode contemplated for carrying out the invention. As will be realized, the invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the spirit and the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a prior art personal music environment.

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a system for facilitating social music discovery and commerce, in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing a system for facilitating social music discovery through sampling, identification, and logging.

FIG. 4 is a data flow diagram showing, by way of example, components of a music recommendation.

FIG. 5 is a data flow diagram showing, by way of example, sources of personal music.

FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram showing a method for facilitating social music discovery and commerce, in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing, by way of example, receptiveness to music-selection suggestion as a function of music activity.

FIG. 8 is a screen diagram showing, by way of example, a visual display for a personal music collection for use with the systems of FIGS. 2 and 3.

FIG. 9 is a process flow diagram showing music suggestion placement in a visual display for use with the methods of FIGS. 2 and 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Although described here in relation to digital music, the embodiments apply generally to all forms of digital media recordings, including audio and video recordings, as well as written information, such as news postings and Web pages. Additionally, digital media players embrace all forms of digital media playback device, including portable, mobile, and stationary players.

Music Recommendation and Presentation Overview

Music can be efficiently recommended by one user of a digital media player to another user, even if the recommender and recipient users are separated by time, place, or circumstance. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing a system for facilitating social music discovery and commerce 30, in accordance with one embodiment. By way of example, two individuals 31, 37 are engaged in some fashion with their respective digital media players 33, 38, at the same or possibly different times. One of the individuals is a music recommender 31, while the other individual is a music recommendation recipient 37. The roles of recommender and recipient are interchangeable and can involve more than a single pair of music aficionados or digital media players.

The recommender 31 can decide to send a music recommendation 35 (operation 32) to the recipient 37 at any time while listening to or viewing the music collection stored on his player 33. The recommendation 35 could be for a limited excerpt, single song, selection of songs or “tracks,” album, or music compilation. The recommender 31 could also be using his player 33 in some way other than listening to or perusing his stored music collection. For instance, if the player 33 is integral to a “smart” mobile telephone, the recommender 31 may decide upon a recommendation 35 while on a call. The recommender 31 picks the music and his player 33 generates the recommendation 35 (operation 34), either automatically or with assistance from the recommender 31. The contents of the recommendation 35 are further described below with reference to FIG. 4. In a further embodiment, the music can be digitally encoded to enable subsequent tracking, unless tracking is disallowed by the source, recommender, recipient, or other party. Once generated, the player 33 electronically sends the recommendation 35 (operation 36) to the recipient's player 38.

Unless the recommender 31 indicates otherwise, the player 33 automatically identifies the song currently in play or being viewed as the music to be recommended. The recommender 31 must specify a recipient 37 and the player 33 generates a music recommendation 35 that is subsequently transmitted to the recipient 37, such as described in commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0069912, published Mar. 12, 2009, pending, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. In a further embodiment, the music recommendation 35 and details regarding its use (not shown) can be subsequently tracked, unless tracking is disallowed by the recommender 31, recipient 37, or other party.

The methodology of the receipt of a music recommendation for presentation to the recipient (operation 39) is also further discussed below with reference to FIG. 6. Briefly, the recommendation 35 is received by the recipient's player 38. Upon learning of the receipt of the recommendation 35 from his player 38, the recipient 37 can immediately listen to or view the recommendation 35, save the recommendation 35 for later presentation, or ignore or discard the recommendation 35 altogether. Absent other disposition, the recommendation 35 is automatically integrated into the recipient's music collection. The music title or other information from the recommendation 35 appears as a virtual part of the recipient's music collection.

In a further embodiment, the music content itself may have to be separately obtained. For instance, the player 38 may fetch and cache a sample of recommended music, or even the entire digital work. By caching the recommended music in the background, the player 38 can make music exploration more responsive and enjoyable, so that a user does not have to wait for music to download before listening. In addition, the playing of the digital work may be subject to controls, such as digital rights management. The digital rights may allow the user to play the music once or to play a sample of the music. The digital rights could have other limitations. Finally, the player 38 may facilitate a commercial transaction, so that the user can easily purchase the music from an online music retailer or obtain the music from a subscription service.

Music Logging Overview

Music can be efficiently discovered through logging by a digital media player, even if the viewing or playing of the music on the player is separated by time, place, or circumstance. FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram showing a system for facilitating social music discovery through sampling, identification, and logging 40. Music logging can occur on demand upon the action of an individual music “discoverer” 41, or autonomously by automatic music logging performed by his digital media player 43.

The discoverer 41 could be engaged in some fashion with his digital media player 43. Upon hearing music playing in the ambient environment 42, the discoverer 41 decides to take a sample, that is, a short recording, of the music (operation 44). In a further embodiment, the player 43 automatically senses and samples the music without any further action by the discoverer 41. The music sample is thereafter identified, if possible, although the discoverer 41 may need to be prompted to choose a particular version if several known versions of the music are found. Following identification, the music is integrated into the discoverer's music collection, such as described in commonly-assigned U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2009/0069913, published Mar. 12, 2009, pending, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. In a further embodiment, the music sample can be digitally encoded to enable subsequent tracking, unless tracking is disallowed by the source, recommender, recipient, or other party.

Music Recommendation Components

A music recommendation contains information about the music that is being recommended. The music recommendation does not necessarily include the music itself, which could be separately obtained and uploaded by the recipient. FIG. 4 is a data flow diagram showing, by way of example, components 50 of a music recommendation 51. The components 50 are grouped into information relating to identification of the music 52, the recommender 53, the context 54 of the recommendation 51, and the associated rating 55. Other information components are possible.

Identification information 52 relates to information about the music or digital work itself. For clarity, the music that is being recommended will hereafter be referred to as a music selection, although the music could be a single tune or song, selection or related set of songs or “tracks,” album, music compilation, or other type or form of related or associated music content. Specific identification information 52 can include the title of the music selection, performing artist, album name, genre, publisher, availability, length, digital identifier, and a sample of the music or work. Other specific identification information is possible.

The recommender information 53 identifies the source of the recommendation 51. Absent consent, personal privacy considerations may limit what information is provided for an individual that sent a recommendation, although an institutional recommender, such as a recommendation service or online store, might be willing or required to divulge their information. Specific recommender information 53 includes the recommender's name, relation, such as friend, subscribed, or automated system, address data, phone number, email address, and Web site. Automated system information includes data on usage, social filtering, or collaborative filtering. In addition, information concerning a self-recommendation, which must include an explicit act by the user to rate the music highly, as further described below with reference to FIG. 5, can include whether the information originates from a subscription or news service, or a sampling source. Other specific recommender information is possible, including text or voice annotations.

The context information 54 relates to the time, place, or circumstance of a recommendation. The specific context information available will depend upon the setting or environment in which the recommendation was made. For instance, the time and date of a recommendation can generally be discerned based on when the recommendation was sent, even if the recommender's digital media player lacks a built-in clock. However, the circumstances surrounding a recommendation may not be directly known, unless the recommender annotates the circumstances to the recommendation. Other context information would have to be either directly sensed by the digital media player, or indirectly derived. Thus, a geolocational receiver would be needed to automatically determine location if the digital media player is portable. Similarly, a calendar would have to be evaluated to match up events to recommendations, such as a concert, party, or holiday. Other specific context information is possible.

The rating information 55 is typically based on a Leikert scale. The rating could two-level or multi-level. The rating is generally from the recommender, Other specific rating information is possible.

Recommendation Sources

Over time, a digital media player can amass a wide assortment of music, which has been received from various sources. FIG. 5 is a data flow diagram showing, by way of example, sources 60 of personal music. The sources 60 can be loosely grouped into “traditional” sources 62, recommendation sources 63, and sampled sources 69. The sources are merely representative of common music sources available to a music collector. Other music sources are possible.

Traditional sources 62 include storefront and online music retail channels, such as described above with reference to FIG. 1. However, this source places the burden of growing the personal music collection 61 on the collector, relying on his efforts and intuition to buy or obtain music as activities collateral to the use and enjoyment of his digital media player. The collector is left to seek out and audition music on his own before taking further steps to purchase or obtain, convert, upload, and integrate the music into his collection 61.

Recommendation sources 63 include several types of recommenders. A direct recommendation source 64 is a form of person-to-person recommendation and includes recommendations received from friends, family, colleagues, or fellow aficionados, such as described above with reference to FIG. 2. A direct recommendation source 64 is also known as social filtering or social recommendations. A recommendation originating from an online recommendation service or individual recommender, such as an online music critic that sends a music recommendation each week, constitutes a subscribed recommendation source 65. The user of the player can also be a self-recommendation source 66 for music or other digital media originating from an ambient source. The user signals approval, such as by tapping his player, that an ambient source identified by the player should be sampled for music logging. A usage-based recommendation source 67 is similar to a direct source 64, except by functioning implicitly to recommend music or other digital media by tracking listening habits and automatically generating a recommendation when user profile usage recommendation parameters are satisfied. Finally, a popularity- and profile-based recommendation source 68 bases recommendations on groups of users who appear to share common tastes. A recommendation is generated if group members buy or listen to certain music. A popularity and profile recommendation source 68 is also known as collaborative filtering or collaborative recommendations. Other types of recommendation sources are possible.

The quality or authoritativeness of the recommendation source matters. Recommendations from trusted sources are considered more reliable than sources that generally send irrelevant or uninteresting recommendations. The recommender information 53 and context information 54 included as part of each recommendation 51 (shown in FIG. 4) can help a collector to organize or filter recommendations, as well as the recommenders themselves, as further described below with reference to FIG. 9. For instance, reliable recommenders whose recommendations are generally trusted and followed may be rated higher or assigned greater weight than other recommenders. In addition, the recommendations from those trusted recommenders could also be displayed more prominently to reflect their higher credibility or greater weight. Conversely, recommendations from seldom followed or untrusted recommenders could be automatically ignored or discarded.

Finally, sampled sources 69 include music recommended by the user himself and samples autonomously collected from an ambient environment. Like recommendation sources 63, sampled sources 69 can be evaluated and rated. Raw samples from random music logging might be the lowest rated, as the music would likely be of lowest interest. Self-recommended music, though, might be highly rated, particularly where the music selection sampled can be completely identified from the music sample alone. For example, if music logging takes place “on demand,” the act of taking the sample reflects the user's intention and implies a high rating. If music logging is proactive, that is, autonomous, the user could signal a rating while the music is playing, or could add a rating later while listening to the music. Other types of sampled sources are possible.

Recommendation Presentation

Music recommendation presentation refers to the receipt and integration of a music recommendation into personal music stored on a digital media player. FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram showing a method for facilitating social music discovery and commerce 70, in accordance with one embodiment. The method is performed as a series of process steps or operations executed by a digital media player or similar device.

A music recommendation can be received by a digital media player at any permitted times and can be presented to the recipient right away, or at another time (operation 71). The recommendation can be received immediately, if the player has the capability, such as via wireless or cellular network. Alternatively, the receipt of the recommendation can be deferred until the player is connected or “docked” to a synchronization device, such as a personal computer. In addition, the player can immediately notify the recipient that a recommendation has been received, or can defer notification to a later time. The player can also forego notification and remain silent, such as during the playing of music.

Each recommendation can identify one or more music selections. The player can optionally preprocess the recommendation (operation 72). For instance, the player may identify those music selections in the recommendation that are already in the recipient's personal music on the player. Recommendations for music selections already in the recipient's personal music may be permissible, but could be marked by the player to indicate that the recommendation refers to already-owned music or digital media. For example, the recipient may have not yet listened to a recently-purchased album, yet a friend who also has the same album recommended listening to a particular track. The player may can also organize or combine new recommendations, such as by grouping recommendations from multiple friends or related recommenders, or may consolidate multiple recommendations for the same music selection. Conversely, the player could filter recommendations from recommenders who have provided bad advice in the past, that is, recommendations with which the recipient did not agree. Other preprocessing operations are possible.

The recommended music selections are then automatically integrated into the personal music (operation 73). Any information included with the recommendation, such as identification of the music, the recommender, the context of the recommendation, and the associated rating, are also extracted or processed. “Integration” effectively expands the scope of the recipient's personal music by including already-owned, recommended, and sampled music selections as a logical part of the personal music. Thus, seeing each recommendation in an appropriate music context become easy and convenient for the recipient. Moreover, the recommendation is presented at a time when he is most likely to be interested in the music recommended. As well, the integration need not be the addition of the actual music into the personal music. If available, a sample or play-limited version could instead be added, or only the recommendation maybe integrated, such as narrative only.

In a further embodiment, only a part of a larger music collection is maintained on the digital media player, such as would be required on those players with limited onboard storage. However, the player treats all of the music in the collection as being virtually stored on the player and dynamically downloads non-local music from an associated personal computer or other source. Thus, the player provides the illusion that a larger music collection than physically stored on the player is available. In a fashion analogous to a cache into a virtual memory, the player could include a music cache to store music onboard based on a cache policy, such as “most recently used” or “only upon demand.” In addition, the display on the player would visually distinguish between music that was already cached, that is, stored onboard, and music, which needed to be downloaded with a possible delay. Recommendations would appear even for music that is not currently stored on the player, but which is nevertheless accessible through caching.

In a still further embodiment, a music selection could be automatically downloaded by a digital media player upon receiving, for instance, a strong or favorable recommendation or other criteria. The automatic download would improve performance on players with limited downloading bandwidth. Additionally, the downloaded music selection could be a rendition with initial limitations on playback rights, such as a music sample or play-limited version. Upon playing the downloaded music selection, the recipient could indicate a desire to purchase, unless already indicated by default in his user profile. The initial playback rights limitations would subsequently be removed to allow immediate access to a full version of the music selection without the download waiting time. The player would attend to payment and transaction accounting in the background.

When optionally viewed through a navigation pane (operation 74), the title or other information for each music selection is logically inserted into the personal music under the same display parameters as any previously-identified and stored music. For ease of use, however, the recommended music selections are preferably displayed using a different font, color, or other display attribute, as further described below with reference to FIG. 9. In addition, where other types of digital media are being recommended, the recommendations are viewed in analogous display settings. For instance, integrated video recommendations would appear in a navigation pane listed under a “To See” log, while integrated news recommendations would appear in a “To Read” log or in a daily news listing under a matched topic.

Logically integrating the recommended music selections into the personal music helps to opportunistically suggest the potential purchase of music to the recipient 25 at a time when he may be most receptive. FIG. 7 is a graph 80 showing, by way of example, receptiveness to music-selection suggestion as a function of music activity. The x-axis 81 represents music-related activities as a continuum of personal involvement on the part of the music listener. The y-axis 82 represents the relative level of receptiveness experienced by a music listener in increasing order.

Receptiveness 83 can be diagrammatically depicted as a function of music-related activities. Minimal activity 84 occurs when the user is having little to no involvement with his player. Searching activity 85 is goal-oriented and occurs when the user is trying to find a particular selection of music, which is also when the user would likely welcome relevant recommendations. The player enlarges the search scope to include the recommendation information, as described above with reference to FIG. 4. Organizing activity 86 occurs after music has been found, but prior to listening, such as while composing a play list. During organizing activity 86, the available selections of music have been narrowed down by taste or other criteria and recommendations only appear within the display parameters in force. Finally, listening activity 87 connotes the actual playing of music on the player. The shaded area 88 of the receptiveness curve 83 respectively bounded by the searching and organizing activities 85, 86 represents peak receptiveness, during which times the listener is most likely to be receptive to a recommendation. Integrating the music recommendations into the display thereby ensures that the recommendations are available both in form with existing music for purposes of organization and through recommendation information for location through search.

Referring back to FIG. 6, the integration of recommended music selections enables the recipient to conveniently act upon a recommendation. Briefly, acting upon the music recommendation includes listening to the recommendation, purchasing the recommendation, looking for music related to the recommendation, and adding the recommendation to a wish list of music that the recipient hopes to acquire, although other actions are possible. Thus, the recipient can review each recommendation by reading or listening to the recommendation information and any annotations or other information (operation 75). The recipient can also optionally provide feedback to the recommender. The recipient could also proceed to purchase the music selection (operation 76) from a music retail channel. Preferably, the player omits offering purchase of already-owned music. To provide ease of use, the user interface of the digital media player facilitates recommendation review, purchase, or other recipient action by a single simple action, such as pressing a button, gesturing with the player, tapping a part of the screen, speaking a particular key phrase, and so forth User actions could also be specified by default, such as automatically purchasing music with a strong recommendation. Finally, if permitted by the recipient, recommender, or other party, the tracking information could also be furnished to the music retail channel or other party (operation 77). Tracking information can include information about the music selection purchased and demographic information about the recipient, although other tracking information is possible. Still other recommendation presentation operations are possible.

Incentive System

The improved ease of use and convenience afforded by social music discovery can facilitate commerce through increased music acquisition, such as through online purchase, download, or license. By encouraging and rewarding music recommendation and follow through, music retail channels and other commercial music sources can acquire valuable insights into what music is most frequently recommended and between whom. For instance, an individual recommender may receive an incentive from a music retail channel in recognition of having facilitated the eventual purchase of a recommended music selection by a recipient. The tracking information would need to be made available to the music retail channel, which would need to corroborate the recipient's purchase to safeguard against fabricated claims. Similarly, a commercial recommender, such as a subscription service, may receive an incentive from a music label as a bonus for highlighting otherwise overlooked music selections or for discovering artists early before “popularity pricing” that slowly raises the price of music with increasing demand as artists become more popular kicks in. In addition, social music discovery further facilitates commerce by facilitating the purchase of collateral goods and services in relation to the music recommendation or other music, such as concert tickets, posters, tee shirts, and other music-related goods, directly from a digital media player. Still other forms of incentive business model are possible.

Music discovery further facilitates commerce by enabling other parties to acquire music on behalf of a recipient by providing wish lists. For instance, a young recipient might have received a number of recommendations from friends and wanted to buy the music recommended, but lacked the money to purchase. He could add the music recommendations to a wish list on his player, which would be publishable to friends and family. Those wish list recipients could thereafter access the wish list on their own player and authorize a purchase for the wishful recipient, along with an annotated greeting or well wish. The music would then be automatically downloaded to the wishful recipient augmenting with wish lists. In addition, duplicate purchases could be prevented by notifying wish list recipients that the wishful recipient already has that music. Alternatively, the wish list recipients could “gift” the wishful recipient by sending a gift certificate, which can be used to purchase the recommended music.

Finally, fellow music aficionados, so-called “birds-of-a-feather,” could be virtually connected to online information resources in support of community building. These resources include information pages, “wikis,” discussion groups, and similar music social network conduits. For instance, users who get involved with one version of a song may enjoy discussions with other users about other versions of the same song. A participating community could then become a focus market for related materials to which digital tickets and similar incentives could be provided to build customer interest and loyalty.

Visual Display

Limits on human visual perception and digital manipulative abilities restrict the physical sizes of the displays and controls provided in the user interfaces of digital media players. FIG. 8 is a screen diagram showing, by way of example, a visual display 90 for a personal music collection for use with the systems of FIGS. 2 and 3. The visual display 90 assumes sufficient space to provide multiple rows of information regarding a personal music collection. The display 90 is supplemented with controls (not shown) to enable navigation and selection of music, although the composition of play lists is generally performed offline, where text entry capabilities are available. The display 90 includes parameters 91 to display music selections by artist 92, title 93, album 94, genre 95, and source 96, although other display parameters are possible. Each column is sortable and searchable, as accommodated by the controls.

Music selections, both recommended and sample music that has been identified, are included in the visual display as an integral part of the music collection. In general, the amount of information displayed is sensitive to the amount of space available and allocated in the display. For example, on a player in which a user can “open” or “close” the folders for groups of music shown in a display, opening a Celtic folder would show all artists and albums in the Celtic genre. Closing the same folder might just show the genre, Celtic, and not the music contained within. The display of recommendations thus follows the display of the music. If all music selections are displayed, recommendations in the Celtic genre would show up closest to the most relevant selections. However, if the folder is closed, the player would only show the numbers of music selections and recommendations. In addition, the display can incorporate further useful elements. When a user is looking at a recommendation, controls could enable him to read or listen to any message from the recommender. The display could also show when the recommendation was made and any rating provided by the recommender. If there is more than one recommendation for a music selection, the user may want to read or listen to multiple recommendations. Finally, controls could facilitate buying, such as from an online music retailer, or otherwise obtaining the recommended music, for instance, from a subscription service.

The type of music selection, that is, existing music, recommended music, and sampled music, can be indicated using a different font, color, or other display attribute. In addition, the quality or authoritativeness of the recommender can be applied, either in how the music selection appears or whether the music selection is rated or omitted. Moreover, the “staleness” of a music selection could affect manifestation in the visual display. For instance, a recommendation or sample that is significantly older than more recent music selections might be filtered out. Other visual display criteria are possible.

In a further embodiment, the spatial arrangement of the integrated music selections can be controlled to help distinguish recommended or sampled music from already-existing music acquisitions. Various indications can be used, including representing each piece as an icon or symbol, placing the recommended pieces adjacent to the music collection, or ordering and highlighting the recommended pieces within the music collection. In addition, a calendar could be generated to match up events to recommendations, such as a concert, party, or holiday, or a timeline could be created with one or more clusters of music recommendations. Still other spatial arrangement or indications are possible.

Music Recommendation Placement

The recommended and sampled music selections are logically integrated into the visual display in an ordering to help ensure relevant and useful placement. FIG. 9 is a process flow diagram showing music suggestion placement in a visual display for use with the methods of FIGS. 2 and 3. The ordering determines placement as a function of degree of interest and contextual relevance.

First, the degree of interest 101 rates whether a recommendation is expected to be of interest to the listener in any context. The degree of interest 101 depends upon recommendation-specific factors, such the recommendation source and associated reliability, described above with reference to FIG. 5; the recommender's level of intention; the reliability of the recommender; and timing, that is, when the recommendation was sent. A recommender whose recommendations are generally followed, such as a subscribed recommendation source, would be assigned more weight than a seldom-followed recommender, like a collaborative recommendation. Similarly, a recommendation recently sent would be afforded greater weight than a stale recommendation. Other factors weighing into degree of interest 101 are possible.

Second, the contextual relevance 102 characterizes the current listening context of the listener and can include evaluation of the possible spectrum of music-related activities 81, as described above with reference to FIG. 7. Contextual relevance seeks to identify those recommendations to which a listener would presently be most receptive. For example, a listener browsing “Baroque music” would not likely have much interest in contemporary pop or light jazz. Contextual relevance can be derived, for instance, from the display, which generally is constrained to show only a subset of an overall personal music collection. Thus, contextual relevance applies similar constraints, such as genre, artist, and so forth, in evaluating the recommendations to show. Other types of contextual relevance are possible.

Finally, placement 103 is a function of the degree of interest and contextual relevance 102. A music selection from a recommendation that reflects a sufficient decree of interest and which is contextually relevant may be placed or integrated into the collection. Actual placement 103 applies the same constraints as listed music, and thus depends upon the ordering principles of the listing and the relatedness of the recommended music to the displayed music. Other forms of placement are possible.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described as referenced to the embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing and other changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope. 

1. A digital media player for facilitating music discovery, comprising: a display to display a music recommendation from a recommending user to a digital media user of a digital media player as a recipient, comprising: a processing module to extract from the music recommendation information to describe one or more of an identification of the music recommended, the recommending user, a context of the recommendation, and a rating for the music recommended; a suggestion module to determine placement of the music recommendation, comprising evaluating a degree of interest in the music recommendation by the user of the digital media player, and establishing contextual relevance of whether the digital media player user would be receptive to the recommendation; and a presentation module to place the music recommendation into a display of a collection of music collected by the digital media player user and stored on the digital media player upon finding the degree of interest sufficient and the contextual relevance established, comprising integrating at least part of the information into the display of the music collection on the digital media player; and a control to enable the digital media player user to directly act upon the music recommendation as integrated into the music collection display through the digital media player.
 2. A player according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of: an input buffer to receive the music recommendation immediately or on a deferred basis; an alert module to notify the recipient that the music recommendation has been received immediately or on a deferred basis; and a bypass module to forego notification to the recipient that the music recommendation has been received.
 3. A player according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of: a culling module to identify the music in the music recommendation already in the music on the digital media player; an organization module to group music recommendations from a plurality of related recommending users or to consolidate multiple recommendations for the same music; a screening module to filter music recommendations from a recommending user with which the recipient does not agree; an incentivizer to award an incentive to the recommending user in recognition of the music recommendation; a collateral marketing module to facilitate purchase of topically-related collateral goods and services related to the music or the music recommendation; a music social network conduit to form a virtual online community of recipients having a shared interest; and a publisher to distribute a wish list comprising the music recommendation to other digital media players for possible purchase for or gifting to the recipient.
 4. A player according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of: a playback control to play a rendition of the music recommended with initial limitations on playback rights; and an acquisition control to add the music from an external source selected from the group comprising an online music retailer and a subscription service, which is electronically linked through the digital media player.
 5. A player according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of: information for the identification of the music recommended selected from the group comprising a title of the music, performing artist, album name, genre, publisher, availability, length, digital identifier, and a sample of the music; information for the recommending user selected from the group comprising the recommending user's name, relation, address data, phone number, email address, Web site, usage, social filtering, and collaborative filtering; information for the context of the recommendation selected from the group comprising a time, place, or circumstance of the recommendation; and information for the rating for the music recommended selected from the group comprising a position on one of a two-level scale and a multi-level scale.
 6. A player according to claim 1, wherein the music recommended comprises one of content other than actual music, a rendition of the music with initial limitations on playback rights, an indirect reference to an online sample of the music, and another music recommendation that is being forwarded from another recommending user.
 7. A player according to claim 1, wherein the direct act comprises at least one of listening to the music recommendation, purchasing the music recommendation, looking for music related to the music recommendation, and adding the music recommendation to a wish list.
 8. A method for facilitating music discovery, comprising: displaying in a display a music recommendation from a recommending user to a digital media user of a digital media player as a recipient, comprising: extracting from the music recommendation information to describe one or more of an identification of the music recommended, the recommending user, a context of the recommendation, and a rating for the music recommended; determining placement of the music recommendation, comprising: evaluating a degree of interest in the music recommendation by the user of the digital media player; and establishing contextual relevance of whether the digital media player user would be receptive to the recommendation; and placing the music recommendation into a display of a collection of music collected by the digital media player user and stored on the digital medial media player upon finding the degree of interest sufficient and the contextual relevance established, comprising integrating at least part of the information into the display of the music collection on the digital media player; and enabling the digital media layer user to directly act upon the music recommendation as integrated into the music collection display through the digital media player.
 9. A method according to claim 8, further comprising at least one of: receiving the music recommendation immediately or on a deferred basis; notifying the recipient that the music recommendation has been received immediately or on a deferred basis; and foregoing notification to the recipient that the music recommendation has been received.
 10. A method according to claim 8, further comprising at least one of: identifying the music in the music recommendation already in the music on the digital media player; grouping music recommendations from a plurality of related recommending users; consolidating multiple recommendations for the same music; filtering music recommendations from a recommending user with which the recipient does not agree; awarding an incentive to the recommending user in recognition of the music recommendation; facilitating purchase of topically-related collateral goods and services related to the music or the music recommendation; forming a virtual online community of recipients having a shared interest; and distributing a wish list comprising the music recommendation to other digital media players for possible purchase for or gifting to the recipient.
 11. A method according to claim 8, further comprising at least one of: playing a rendition of the music recommended with initial limitations on playback rights; and adding the music from an external source selected from the group comprising an online music retailer and a subscription service, which is electronically linked through the digital media player.
 12. A method according to claim 8, further comprising at least one of: selecting the identification of the music recommended from the group comprising a title of the music, performing artist, album name, genre, publisher, availability, length, digital identifier, and a sample of the music; selecting the recommending user from the group comprising the recommending user's name, relation, address data, phone number, email address, Web site, usage, social filtering, and collaborative filtering; selecting the context of the recommendation from the group comprising a time, place, or circumstance of the recommendation; and selecting the rating for the music recommended from the group comprising a position on one of a two-level scale and a multi-level scale.
 13. A method according to claim 8, wherein the music recommended comprises one of content other than actual music, a rendition of the music with initial limitations on playback rights, an indirect reference to an online sample of the music, and another music recommendation that is being forwarded from another recommending user.
 14. A method according to claim 8, wherein the direct act comprises at least one of listening to the music recommendation, purchasing the music recommendation, looking for music related to the music recommendation, and adding the music recommendation to a wish list.
 15. A portable digital media player for providing convenient music discovery, comprising: a storage comprising music, which comprises a multiplicity of music stored in digital media form on a portable digital media player; a display to display a music recommendation from a recommending user to a recipient, comprising: an extraction module to process a message included in the music recommendation for information to describe the music recommended, to identify the recommending user, to capture a context of the recommendation, and to specify a rating for the music recommended; an integration module to integrate the information into a display of the music on the portable digital media player; and an output module to display the information to the recipient on the portable digital media player logically integrated into the multiplicity of music upon sensing that the recipient is engaged in music-related activities comprising one of the recipient searching and the recipient organizing the multiplicity of music on the digital media player; and an input control to facilitate action directly upon the music recommended as logically integrated into the display through one or more of playback and addition of the music to the music on the portable digital media player through an external source.
 16. A player according to claim 15, further comprising at least one of: a display manager to adapt the information displayed to an amount of space available and allocated in the display; a message playback control to facilitate reading or listening of the message from the recommending user included with the music recommendation; a spatial arrangement of the display, comprising at least one of controls to represent the music as an icon or a symbol, place the music adjacent to the music on the portable digital media player, and order and highlight the music within the music on the portable digital media player; a calendar comprising one or more events as context associated with the music recommendation; and a timeline with one or more clusters of music recommendations.
 17. A player according to claim 15, further comprising: a collection of music comprising the music stored on the portable digital media player and a further multiplicity of music stored in digital media form on an external device, wherein the music collection is presented as virtually stored on the player; and a music cache to dynamically download the music from the external device based on a cache policy.
 18. A player according to claim 15, further comprising: a cache to automatically download the music recommended upon receipt in the background.
 19. A player according to claim 18, further comprising at least one of: a download selector to perform the automatic download only where the rating for the music recommended favors the music; and a rights module to obtain a rendition of the music recommended with initial limitations on playback rights.
 20. A method for providing convenient music discovery, comprising: maintaining music comprising a multiplicity of music stored in digital media form on a portable digital media player; displaying in a display a music recommendation from a recommending user to a recipient, comprising: processing a message included in the music recommendation for information to describe the music recommended, to identify the recommending user, to capture a context of the recommendation, and to specify a rating for the music recommended; integrating the information into a display of the music on the portable digital media player; and displaying the information to the recipient on the portable digital media player logically integrated into the multiplicity of music upon sensing that the recipient is engaged in music-related activities comprising one of the recipient searching and the recipient organizing the multiplicity of music on the digital media player; and facilitating action directly upon the music recommended as logically integrated into the display through one or more of playback and addition of the music to the music on the portable digital media player through an external source.
 21. A method according to claim 20, further comprising at least one of: adapting the information displayed to an amount of space available and allocated in the display; facilitating reading or listening of the message from the recommending user included with the music recommendation; controlling spatial arrangement of the display, comprising at least one of: representing the music as an icon or a symbol; placing the music adjacent to the music on the portable digital media player; and ordering and highlighting the music within the music on the portable digital media player; generating a calendar comprising one or more events as context associated with the music recommendation; and creating a timeline with one or more clusters of music recommendations.
 22. A method according to claim 20, further comprising: maintaining a collection of music comprising the music stored on the portable digital media player and a further multiplicity of music stored in digital media form on an external device; presenting the music collection as virtually stored on the player; and dynamically downloading the music from the external device based on a cache policy.
 23. A method according to claim 20, further comprising: automatically downloading the music recommended upon receipt in the background.
 24. A method according to claim 23, further comprising at least one of: performing the automatic download only where the rating for the music recommended favors the music; and obtaining a rendition of the music recommended with initial limitations on playback rights. 